| 99-year leasesynonym | A specific right to use land for an extended term at the end of which the title reverts back to the owner. |
| a period of one year | |
| a period of one year after the completion of the project | |
| abandoned property | Property left by its owner or possessor without any intention to regain possession in the future |
| abandoned riverbed | Former riverbed that is currently functioning as dry land or as a dead branch of the river |
| acquire products of land | A process whereby a person acquires title to products by agreement with the owner of the land, including, for example, harvesting crops. |
| acquire real property through auction | |
| acquisition through official decision | |
| actual possession | |
| adjacent property | |
| adverse possession | Method of acquiring real property through open, exclusive, hostile and continuous possession of the property of another person under certain conditions for a period stipulated by law. In some states, the person claiming adverse possession must pay property taxes on the property during the statutory period. |
| alienability | |
| alienable | Describes the power of the owner to do as he/she wishes with the property, including its sale. |
| alienable property | |
| alienation | The act of transferring property to another. Alienation may be voluntary, such as by gift or sale, or involuntary, as through eminent domain or adverse possession |
| ancient lights | |
| apartmentsynonym | A self-contained housing unit in a house containing several homes (US). A unit in a residential house owned individually (UK). |
| appurtenance | In property law, it is a separate piece of property that is legally connected to the main property. |
| assignment contract | A document stipulating that the rights and/or obligations of one entity will be transferred to a third party, with the terms and conditions specified therein. |
| auction | Means of acquiring property through the process of bidding in an organized form. |
| auction buyer | |
| bad faith possessorantonym | |
| bearing the costs and expenses | |
| beneficial interest | Any interest of value, or use in property one does not own. |
| beneficial use | A limited right to use and enjoy benefits of the property owned by another person. It may be granted for the lifetime of a person or for a number of years. |
| beneficial user | A person having enjoyment of property without being the actual owner, but having the right to use and enjoy the benefits of a property. |
| benefit | The general term for the advantage or profit gained from something. |
| bona fide | genuine, lawful, made or done in good faith |
| bona fide third party | |
| bordering tree | Bordering trees may often cause problems between neighbours. The question is whether the neighbours may cut branches stretching over the fence, especially if they disturb the normal use of the property. |
| borderline | The like that confine properties, which determine the limits to which a real property extends. |
| boundary | |
| building on the land of another | Building on the land of another person without the consent of the owner of the land. It is similar to encroachment, with the difference that building takes place entirely on the land of another. |
| buyer of fee simple title | The buyer of the fee simple title may acquire the encumbered property without affecting the status of the life tenancy. Fee simple title can be sold without affecting the right of the life tenant, as long as the sale is done subject to the life estate or in a way that does not violate the life tenant's rights. |
| buyer of life estate | |
| cellar right | The right of a neighbouring owner to build and operate a cellar extending below the adjacent owner's building. |
| charge | Costs added to certain sums of definite value. |
| chattels | |
| chose | A specific legal term indicating "thing"' as it relates to personal property. |
| clear titlesynonym | When the title is not encumbered by any obligation |
| co-ownership | Generally used term for situations when two or more persons hold property at the same time. |
| comingling | to mix together things of different type or things owned by different persons into one, typically in family law |
| concurrent sales | |
| condemnation | The taking of private property by the state for public use for a fair consideration through the power of eminent domain. The right of the government to take, without the consent of the owner, private property for public purpose, for a just compensation, through eminent domain. The taking of private property by the state for public use through the power of eminent domain for a fair consideration. |
| condominium | |
| conduct of animals kept | Animals must be controlled so as not to impinge upon neighbour’s rights in terms of noise and physical threat. |
| confines | |
| confiscation | Taking private property by the state as a punishment for the violation of legal rule, without the consent of the owner and usually without any compensation. Permanent taking of property as a result of criminal action or other unlawful activity. |
| confusion | A union of two separate entities that eliminates clear boundaries, for example a combination of the rights of debtor and creditor in the same individual |
| consolidate parcels | |
| consumable | Goods that will lose their individual existence as a result of their intended use. |
| contract to make a will | |
| contribution in kindantonym | The process of contributing property to a business organization instead of investing cash to acquire business interest. |
| curtailment of the life estate | |
| custodial care | The burden placed on the possessor of a property to take care of it in all reasonable manners during the custodial period. |
| damage to property caused by stagnating water | |
| damage to crops and trees | |
| deed of easement | |
| defence of the property | |
| derogatory statements | Statements infringing personal rights are referred to as derogatory. |
| disposition | The fullest right that one can have to a property item, including possession, use and alienation. A general term for the relinquishment of the entirety of the owner’s rights. |
| disturbance | Activities may not unnecessarily and unreasonably disturb neighbours. Any disturbing activity must be kept to reasonable level both in terms of noise generation and type. |
| divisible | Property that can be divided into several parts without causing any loss or damage to the original property. |
| donation | The transfer of title to another gratuitously, without consideration. |
| donee | A person who receives an items of property from another person. |
| donor | A person transferring ownership to a property item without consideration. |
| duty to tolerate interference | |
| easement | The right to use another person’s property or to demand that the owner refrain from exercising any of its rights. |
| easement holder | |
| emergency | Emergency situations broaden normal restrictions but are kept within the nature of emergency duty to tolerate interference. In such situations the owner is obligated to tolerate interference to prevent or mitigate damage or injury to property or persons. |
| encroaching plants | The existing plants (trees and roots) on a real property may not unreasonably disturb the neighbours and encroach upon their land. |
| encroachment | the action of gradually taking land, power or authority etc. from another person, state or other organisation etc. |
| essential part | An auxiliary item that belongs to the property but has also retained its separate existence and is required for the normal use of the main property. |
| estate | A general term indicating some form of property, real or personal, typically used in probate context. |
| eviction | The forceful removal of the tenant from the leased property by the landlord. |
| exchange | The act of transferring title to one property item and simultaneously receiving title to another without any further obligations between those involved. |
| Exchange Contract | A contract by which the parties exchange goods or commodities for other goods |
| exclusive ownersynonym | The owner of a property who does not share his/her ownership title with anyone else |
| execution | Collection on a judgment on any and all properties, real or personal. |
| execution right | The right to execute upon a property to satisfy a judgement, registered on the abstract of title of the property in question. |
| expropriation | Taking private property by the government without compensation. |
| farmland | |
| fee simple owner | |
| fee simple title | Term describing absolutely owned real property, which one can sell or pass to another by testamentary disposition without restriction. |
| fence | A barrier, railing, or other upright structure, typically of wood or wire, enclosing an area of ground to prevent or control access or escape. |
| fence issues | It is important to keep in mind that the existence of fences does not overcome property boundary limits. |
| financial lease | A lease arrangement used to finance the purchase of assets, with the involvement of an additional party referred to as financing party (or the bank).
Leasing property in a manner that the title invested in the lessee at the end of the lease term. |
| finding | Acquiring ownership of personal property which has been discarded, abandoned or otherwise unclaimed by its owner. |
| finding treasure | |
| fitting | A component mainly used in plumbing which can attach to a tubing or piping network. |
| fixture | Property item permanently connected to another either by being affixed to, or growing from or otherwise attached thereto in a way that it cannot be detached without causing irreparable damage to the property |
| for a statutory period | |
| foreclosure | The process of forced sale of real property in extinguishment of debt in whole or in part. |
| freeholdantonym | |
| fruit | A benefit that is created at regular intervals without endangering the ability of the property in its regular use, to yield further fruits or provide additional benefits. |
| full compensation | |
| full or limited right | |
| fungible | Property exchangeable for any other property of the same kind. |
| fusion | to mixi various things belonging to different owners in a way that their origin cannot be traced |
| good faith | |
| good faith purchaser | |
| good titlesynonym | |
| harvestable properties | Properties that are not yet harvested. They are connected to the land but are capable of being separated therefrom and put into the stream of commerce. |
| hereditament | Any kind of property that can be inherited. The old-fashioned term is still used in some wills and deeds. |
| holder | A person having control of property either as an owner or simple possessor |
| holder of the easement | |
| ID codes of communication networks | The identification codes required for the operation of telecommunication networks through radio frequencies. |
| income | |
| incorporated areaantonym | |
| incorporated parcel of land used for agricultural purposes | |
| incorporated parcel of land used for forestry purposes | |
| incorporation | When materials used in construction is transferred from one party to another building such materials into the newly built the structure with the result that they become the property of the owner of the structure along with a fair compensation paid to the owner of the materials. |
| indisputable | |
| inheritance | The passing of property to the inheritor by a deceased person upon his/her death through a will or based on the law. |
| interest | A claim for total or partial ownership of something of value. Frequently used for a share in ownership. It is also used in a business context for participation in a business in various forms. |
| island created by alluvions | The gradual, nearly imperceptible accumulation of land within the flow of a river. |
| Labor Code | |
| land lease | A contractual relationship created for the use of land, whereby the tenant has the right to all fruits and profits obtained in the normal use of the land. |
| land registry | |
| land use | The right to beneficially use land for various purposes. In property law, this is the situation where the land and the improvement thereon are owned by different persons. |
| land use fee | |
| latent defect | A contract clause regulating who will be liable for defects in the property that could not have been discovered by a reasonably thorough inspection before the closing of a sale transaction. |
| lease | to use something for a period of time in return for payment; strictly implies a letting under the terms of a contract |
| leaseholdantonym | An ownership of a temporary right to hold land or property. |
| legal ground | A description of the background of the dispute, the statement of the applicable law, and the grounds for relief as the law is applied to the specific facts of the case. |
| legal interest | |
| lien | A security interest attaching to property, real or personal, for non-payment of an obligation. The law prescribes specific steps that must be taken by the lien holder to perfect ownership interest in the property. |
| life estate | |
| life tenancy | |
| life tenant | A person who has lifelong enjoyment of a property held by the owner. |
| loss of privacy right | |
| lost property | Property which was likely discarded or abandoned by its original owner and found by a third person. |
| management right | A right to handle most if not all aspects of dealing with a property excluding alienation, which is necessary to prevent deterioration of the property. |
| marketable | Used for description of title, meaning that the owner is free to alienate, sell or mortgage the property. |
| marketable mortgage | A type of mortgage that is detached from the original debt and can be sold as a collateral without any reference to the main obligation that it is intended to secure as a secondary obligation. In practice it means that the mortgage can be transferred and assigned per se to another financial institution without affecting the right and obligation arising from the loan agreement. |
| material condition | |
| may not be subject to transfer | |
| movable | Personal property not linked to real property. Used for personal belongings. |
| national airspace above the country | The lower stratum of the atmosphere above its territory, which is controlled by the appropriate agency of the country. |
| national public road network | The main road network of the country, usually indicated by letters and/or numbers. |
| national rail network | The main railroad lines connecting cities, communities and/or industrial centres. |
| nationalization | Taking private assets by the state usually without fair compensation and for political reasons. |
| natural lake beds | The lake beds of natural still waters, such as lakes. |
| natural lakes | Lakes of various size that can be utilized for economic or social or purposes. |
| natural reservoirs of underground waters | Water accumulating between watertight layers of soil, which may only be accessed under special circumstances. |
| natural resources | Materials, the source of which is in nature, contributing to the nation's natural assets, may not be alienated, depending on applicable laws. |
| negotiability | |
| negotiable | It is used for financial instruments, meaning that the instrument in question is tantamount to cash money and can be freely sold or exchanged for value. |
| neighbour's rights | A collective term for the rights and obligations of owners to cooperate with neighbours that encompass several different situations. |
| noise | Noise disturbance must be held to be reasonable in terms of loudness and restricted to daytime. |
| non-alienable properties | Properties that are non-alienable due to a variety of statutory reasons, such as a national monument, national park, etc. |
| occupancy | |
| official decision | Property may be acquired by official decision in cases regulated by the law. |
| original acquisition | |
| original and derivative acquisitions | |
| original mode of acquisitionantonym | |
| ownersynonym | The person who has legal title of ownership to property, regardless of who has possession of such property. |
| ownership | Having an item in one's full control, including the right of disposition. |
| parcel | A section or area of land |
| partitioning of co-ownership | |
| partititioning of co-ownership through acquisition by the co-owner | |
| passing of title | |
| pasture | |
| perpetuityantonym | |
| pledge | Personal property delivered physically as security for the payment of a debt or fulfilment of a promise, without affecting the legal title to the property in question. It is typically used for securing the repayment of a debt. It is similar to chattel mortgage, but this latter may be recorded, while the pledge is generally not. |
| plot | an area of land that has been measured and is considered as a unit |
| possession | Having a property item in one's physical control. |
| possessor | The person physically holding the property item in question. |
| power standard rights | The right to erect or maintain electrical power standard on the property of another. |
| pre-emption right | The right of a person to acquire a certain property item before others can do so. |
| prescription | A term from Justinian's era meaning both acquisition or forfeiture of rights through lapse of time. In modern English, it means adverse possession or limitation, respectively. |
| proceeds of sale | |
| proceeds of the property | |
| processing | The situation when products owned by another person are processed in good faith to produce a new or different product. The law determines the rules of compensating the original owner of the product. |
| profit | a financial gain obtained by opereating or producing something, especially the difference between the investment and the earning. |
| properties with restricted alienability | Properties may be generally non-alienable, except that under certain circumstances partial alienability is allowed by statute. |
| propertyantonym | A legal term for anything capable of being owned. In everyday terms it means “thing”, typically any physical item. |
| proprietorsynonym | |
| protection of reputationsynonym | A clause that restricts individuals from taking any action that negatively impacts an organization, its reputation, products, services, management or employees. |
| purchase by sample | The seller is obligated to provide goods that fully conform to the sample of the buyer. |
| purchase conditioned on examination | The effect of a sale and purchase contract is conditioned upon the findings of the examination of the property by the buyer. |
| purchase on instalmentsynonym | A sale and purchase transaction whereby the purchase price is paid in instalments payable at pre-set dates. |
| purchase on trialsynonym | The sale and purchase transaction may be lawfully set aside if the buyer decides to withdraw from the transaction. |
| purchase option | A right granted by the seller of a property to a potential purchaser to buy the property at a specified price within a specified period of time by a unilateral statement. |
| quiet enjoyment | A right to the exclusive use and enjoyment of a lease real property in reasonable and free from any interference. |
| radio spectrum frequency | The distribution of the radio frequencies are considered a state monopoly in most countries. |
| real estateantonym synonym | |
| reclassify as non-agricultural | |
| registration | |
| reimbursement of costs | |
| relative rightsantonym | |
| residuary interest | |
| restricted rights in rem | |
| restriction of alienation and encumbrance | The contractual obligation established by contract or by official decision not to sell the same or use it as collateral behind an obligation. His prohibition may only be established by contract at the time of transferring the property. |
| restriction of ownership | The obligation of the owner to refrain from unreasonably interfering with the rights of others. |
| retention of titlesynonym | A means of securing a transaction where the buyer acquires title but it is not fully transferred until the purchase price has been fully paid up. |
| reversion | |
| right | A person's ability to do something or function in a certain way. Rights may be based on universally accepted concepts as well as statutory provisions of law. |
| right granted by courtesy | |
| right in other persons property | A right, short of absolute ownership, in another person’s property, including the right of use, life estate, estate for a term, tenancy and easements. |
| right in remsynonym | |
| right of alienation | |
| right of alienation and encumbrance | A right bestowed to an entity to possess a property without bestowing to them title of ownership to the property in question. |
| right of buyback | Right of the previous owner to repurchase the sold property item by exercising the option. |
| right of disposal | |
| right of disposition | The most comprehensive right possible regarding the ownership of property, which includes alienation, sale, encumbrance and final disposition. It is the outer limit of ownership rights. |
| right of encumbrance | |
| right of entry | A right to enter the property of another for any purpose relating to the dominant property. |
| right of first refusalantonym | The right granted to a person to purchase a property item before the same offer is made available to any other person. |
| right of possession | A right bestowed to an entity to hold a property without having title of ownership to the property in question. |
| right of purchase | The right of the buyer to purchase a property item by a unilateral statement without any further condition. |
| right of storage | The right to store items of property on the subservient property under conditions described. |
| right of use | The right to possess property to a certain extent by the user and persons authorised by him/her without owning the same. |
| right of water discharge | The right to discharge rainwater from a land through the land of another person. |
| right of way | Right to have access to and pass through another person's property. |
| right of way | |
| right restricting buyer's title of ownership | |
| right subject to withdrawal | |
| right to light and air | The right to have access to light and air |
| right to profits | A right attaching to the user of a property to obtain profits or take the fruits from the property without the right of ownership of the underlying property. |
| right to structural support | The right to support buildings built on adjacent land. |
| right to water | The right to have access to a source of water (a well, stream or lake) on neighbouring land. |
| riparian rightantonym | |
| rooms in common ownership | |
| sale and purchase | The transfer of title by the seller to the buyer for consideration called the purchase price. |
| security interest | A general term for an interest in property granted by the owner to secure an obligation created by indebtedness. |
| security interest | An interest in property to guarantee the satisfaction of monetary obligations by holding certain property item pending repayment. This security interest is enforceable against the property in case of non-performance. |
| seizure | Taking property of a person or company into custody by law enforcement agencies. |
| seller | |
| seller of beneficial interest | |
| seller of fee simple title | One who disposes of and/or alienates property subject to any life tenancy or tenancy for a shorter period. |
| sequestration | Holding a property pending final judicial decision of its ownership and possession. |
| servient tenementantonym | |
| servitude | The Latin term originally denoting various types of easements. In contemporary English, it invokes the notion of slavery. Therefore, it should not be used in its original meaning. |
| sharecropping | |
| simple | Property not consisting of several items but composed of only one. |
| squatter’s right | |
| statutory right of use | Certain public agencies or utility companies are entitled to establish certain rights on private property. |
| survivorship | |
| Swap Agreement | |
| taking fruits | |
| taking non-possessed properties | Taking possession of freely moving things not otherwise described as property, such as keeping, corralling or caging mobile creatures such as bees. |
| tangibleantonym | Property that has physical existence and is discernible by one's senses. |
| tenancy | |
| tenancy | |
| tenancy by the entirety | Allows spouses to own property together as a single legal entity. |
| tenancy for yearsantonym | |
| tenant | An old fashioned term used for the person who uses the real property of another person for a certain period of time for a fee called rent. |
| tenant at sufferancesynonym | The situation when a tenant continues to occupy the premises without the landlord's consent after the original lease contract between the landlord and the tenant has expired. |
| tenement | Real property that can be owned, including everything which is permanent in nature. |
| title | Power related to property items which are capable of being owned. The word is most commonly used in connection with real property but applies to all kinds of property. |
| titlesynonym | An abbreviated term which refers to title of ownership. |
| title of ownershipsynonym | The absolute right of the owner of a property that permits the owner to exercise all rights including disposition, use and encumbrance. |
| title warranty | The seller guarantees that the title of ownership to the property is free and clear of all encumbrances. This is an important element of every sales transaction. |
| tolling of the statute of limitations | |
| transfer of ownership | The granting of the title of ownership of a certain piece of property by the owner to another person or entity. |
| transfer of property | |
| transfer of title | The process when the title of ownership to a property items change from one person to another. |
| transferability | |
| transferable | A condition or right which is ascribed to the title or ownership of an item or piece of property capable of changing ownership or a right. |
| transferable property | |
| treasure trove | Treasure hidden or concealed in a house or in the earth or other place so long that the true owner is unknown and undiscoverable. They include sunken ships and their cargo, money or coins, gold, silver, plates or bullion or other valuable items that have been later discovered. Special rules apply to the rights of third parties to such items. |
| tree and root encroachment | |
| trespass to property | In certain circumstances, the owner must permit the neighbour to enter their land, for a compensation, for the performance of certain activities, such as cutting branches and collecting fruits. |
| underground waters | Water that exists in underground spaces, on soil, sand and rock. Statutory requirement may limit its usage. |
| usufruct | The right of using and enjoying the benefits of and drawing profit from any property item owned by another person. In contemporary legal English, it is called beneficial interest. |
| utility easement | An agreement that gives a utility company the legal right to use and access a specific area of someone's property. |
| vacation | The period of time during which the employee is not required to spend by working but paid by the employer. |
| vehicle exchange agreement | |
| warranty for defects | A promise made in the contract and thus communicated to a consumer that if the goods or services (or part of them) are defective, the business will take appropriate action to make good for such defect. |
